Kajal stone, commonly referred to as kohl stone, is known in Tamil as Anjanakkal. This traditional cosmetic product has been extensively utilized across South Asia, the Middle East, and certain regions of Africa. As a naturally occurring mineral, it has played a significant role in beauty practices for centuries, appreciated for its deep, dark hue and its believed advantages for ocular health.

Description:

Appearance:  Surma stone is generally characterized by its dark, lustrous surface that can be finely ground into powder. Its texture is smooth and it possesses a shiny finish.

Composition: The main constituent of Surma stone is galena (lead sulfide), though it may also include additional minerals such as antimony, carbon, and zinc compounds.

 Form:  Traditionally, Surma stone is processed into either a fine powder or paste. It may be combined with various ingredients like oils, ghee, or herbal extracts to improve its application and benefits.

Historical and Cultural Significance:

Ancient Use:  Anjanakkal has been utilized since antiquity; archaeological findings indicate its usage in ancient Egypt and the Indus Valley Civilization. It was often applied to shield the eyes from intense sunlight and to repel evil spirits.

Cultural Rituals: In numerous cultures, it is customary to apply Anjanakkal on infants and young children under the belief that it fortifies their eyesight while safeguarding them from negative influences. It also plays a vital role in bridal makeup and festive decorations.

Benefits Surma Stone: 

Aesthetic Appeal:  Surma stone delivers a profound color that accentuates the eyes, rendering them more prominent and defined. It can be used for various eye makeup styles ranging from subtle lines to elaborate designs.

Eye Health:  Traditional beliefs suggest that Surma possesses cooling properties which can soothe the eyes and protect against infections. Additionally, it is thought to diminish glare while enhancing vision.

Application:

 Preparation: To create kajal from the stone, one must grind it finely before mixing it with a base such as almond oil or ghee until achieving a smooth paste. This preparation can be stored in a small container for daily application.

 Usage:  Kajal is typically applied using an applicator made of wood, bone, or metal. It is carefully placed along the waterline of the eyes or used to draw thick lines around the eyelids for more dramatic effects.

 Storage:  Prepared kajal should be kept in a cool and dry environment to preserve its consistency and effectiveness.

 Modern Considerations:

Safety: Traditional formulations of kajal frequently contain lead which poses health risks if used over extended periods. Contemporary commercially available kajal products are generally designed to be free from lead while ensuring safety for cosmetic use; hence selecting reputable brands adhering to safety standards is crucial.

Alternatives: For individuals desiring aesthetic results similar to kajal without associated health risks, many brands now provide herbal or mineral-based alternatives that replicate both the traditional appearance and texture of kajal stone.